đề sai r

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)

\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\) (2)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=15,6-5,4=10,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PT (1), (2): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+3n_{Al_2O_3}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(c\text{ần}.d\text{ùng}\right)}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,25}.100\%\approx51,43\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx48,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,25-0,1.27}{102}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,45.36,5}{29,2\%}=56,25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,225.98}{19,6\%}=112,5\left(g\right)\)

a) Đặt: nMg=x(mol); nZnO=y(mol)

nH2SO4= 0,2(mol)

PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2

x___________x____x_______x(mol)

ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O

y____y______y(mol)

Ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+81y=12,9\\22,4x=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)

%mMg=(4,8/12,9).100=37,209%

=>%mZnO=62,791%

b) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol)

=> \(C\%ddH2SO4=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)

PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

               a_______a________a______a                  (mol)

           \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

              b_______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b_________\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b              (mol)

a) Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=8,25\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm   

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a. PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Cu + H₂SO₄ ---x--->

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)

\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)

d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)

=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ag}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27x+108y=4,2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,1                           0,05           0,15

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=4,2-2,7=1,5g\)

a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{4,2}\cdot100\%=64,28\%\)

\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-64,28\%=35,72\%\)

b)\(m_{muối}=0,05\cdot342=17,1g\)

a/ PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ===> Al₂(SO4)₃ + 3H₂

0,2 0,3 0,3

MgO + H₂SO₄ ===> MgSO₄ + H₂O

0,1 0,1

n_H2 = 6,72 / 22,4 = 0,3 mol

=> n_Al = 0,2 mol

=> m_Al = 0,2 x 27 = 5,4 gam

=> m_MgO = 9,4 - 5,4 = 4 gam

=> %m_Al = \(\frac{5,4}{9,4}.100\%=57,45\%\)

%m_MgO = 100% - 57,45% = 42,55%

b/ nMgO = 4 / 40 = 0,1 mol

Lập các số mol theo phương trình, ta có:

\(\sum nH2SO4\) = 0,1 + 0,3 = 0,4 mol

=> m_H2SO4 = 0,4 x 96 = 38,4 gam

=> m_{dung dịch H2SO4 19,6%} = 38,4 : 19,6% = 195,92 gam

a, Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 0,83 (1)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, n_H2SO4 = n_H2 = 0,025 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)